複雜理論對教育組織變革的解釋和啟示

Implications of Complexity Theory for Educational Change

陳成宏
Cheng-Hung Chen


所屬期刊: 第3卷第3期 「教育政策與制度」
主編:國家教育研究院籌備處
陳清溪主任秘書
系統編號: vol010_08
主題: 教育政策與制度
出版年份: 2007
作者: 陳成宏
作者(英文): Cheng-Hung Chen
論文名稱: 複雜理論對教育組織變革的解釋和啟示
論文名稱(英文): Implications of Complexity Theory for Educational Change
共同作者:
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語文別: 中文
論文頁數: 22
中文關鍵字: 複雜理論;混沌理論;混沌邊緣;教育組織變革
英文關鍵字: complexity theory;chaos theory;edge of chaos;educational organizational change
服務單位: 興國管理學院文教事業管理系助理教授
稿件字數: 15033
作者專長: 教育行政
投稿日期: 2006/6/2
論文下載: pdf檔案icon
摘要(中文): 複雜理論連結混沌理論,除了強調事件的不可預測性和非線性發展態勢之外,更重視彼此調適、共同演化、互動關係以及自我組織之特性。複雜理論中的複雜即是一種介於混沌與秩序之間的狀態,是一種「混沌邊緣」,一種動態平衡,在此混沌與秩序的交界,雖然離散震盪、狂亂騷動,卻也潛力無限、生機盎然。藉此隱喻,在相當程度上,教育組織亦恰如複雜體系,其內充斥瀰漫著矛盾和緊張的弔詭,而同時卻也潛藏著變革與整合的契機。本研究之主要目的即企圖援引複雜理論的觀點來分析教育組織變革的複雜性和混沌邊緣現象。藉由檢視複雜理論的九項命題,「弔詭管理」、「共同演化」、「自我組織」等複雜理論三大架構順勢現身。其次,根據「權力結構重組」、「價值理念選擇」與「資源利益分配」等教育組織變革三大核心,作者逐一推演出「中央集權與地方分權的衝突」、「專業自主和公共順服的兩難」、「社會正義及追求卓越的對立」等教育組織變革三大論戰,然後將此三大論戰置於三大架構之下,以「混沌邊緣」為串連三大架構的中心主軸,分別探討複雜理論對教育組織變革的解釋和啟示。
摘要(英文): Complexity theory, which relates with chaos theory, not only emphasizes nonlinearity and unpredictability, but also focuses more on the explanations of mutual-adaptation, co-evolution, dynamic interaction, and self-organization for organizational life. Complexity is defined as that zone between chaos on one side and order on the other, which is called “edge of chaos.” In the complexity zone, while systems are filled with turmoil and confusion, they still have the maximum potential to adapt, learn and grow. Utilizing this metaphor, educational organizations to some degree could be regarded as complexity systems full of contradiction and paradox, while at the same time, providing the opportunity for change and integration. The purpose of this study was therefore to apply the complexity theory to analyze changes in educational organization. By reviewing the nine propositions of complexity theory, the three frameworks of “paradox management,” “co-evolution,” and “self-organization” emerged contextually. Then, based on the three cores of interest, value and power for educational change, the three arguments of centralization vs. decentralization, professional autonomy vs. public deference, and social justice vs. excellence were deduced accordingly. Finally, putting the three arguments under the three frameworks, this paper further discussed the implications for changes in educational organization.
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