中央集權與教育市場：英國師資培育制度變革之探究

State Centralization and Market Mechanisms:The Teacher Education Reform in England and Wales

李奉儒
Feng-Jihu Lee


所屬期刊： 第4卷第1期 「師資培育」
主編：中正大學教育學院講座教授
楊深坑
系統編號： vol012_03
主題： 師資培育
出版年份： 2008
作者： 李奉儒
作者(英文)： Feng-Jihu Lee
論文名稱： 中央集權與教育市場：英國師資培育制度變革之探究
論文名稱(英文)： State Centralization and Market Mechanisms:The Teacher Education Reform in England and Wales
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論文頁數： 28
中文關鍵字： 英國師資培育制度、國家管理、中央集權、市場機制
英文關鍵字： British teacher education system, state steering, centralization, market mechanisms
服務單位： 國立中正大學教育學研究所教授
稿件字數： 28213
作者專長： 教育哲學、批判教學論、道德教育、後設倫理學、比較教育理論
投稿日期： 2008/1/31
論文下載： pdf檔案icon
摘要(中文)： 本研究首先運用歷史研究法和文件分析法，以掌握英國師資培育制度的歷史變革。其次，藉由哲學研究法分析批判國家管理與市場機制這兩種主導因素對於師資培育制度變革所產生的影響。
本研究之具體目的如下：
1.探究國家管理對於師資培育制度的影響；
2.探究市場機制對於師資培育變革的影響；
3.分析國家管理、市場機制與師資培育制度變革的關係；
4.分析國家管理、市場機制與教師資格取得方式的關係。
本研究之主要發現如下：
1.中央集權的國家角色對於英國師資培育制度變革的影響，首先是重新界定師資培育的目標，其次透過各種新設機構來主導與控制師資培育課程內容和合格教師資格的取得。
2.市場機制對於英國師資培育制度變革的影響，彰顯在師資培育課程市場化、中小學校師資需求市場化、以及日益傾向學校本位的師資培育模式。
3.中央集權與市場機制對於師資培育學程的管制與影響，最終發展出「師資職前培育國定課程」，並開放師資培育的多元管道和機構，以培養出國家認可且具備良好素質符合市場需求的新教師。
4.中央集權與市場機制對於教師資格取得方式的影響是使教師資格取得方式更為彈性，但國家也明訂教師資格的取得必須通過全國性的技能檢定。
摘要(英文)： In order to understand changes and reforms in the British teacher education system, this research first of all employs historical method and document analysis to study background influences from politics, economy, culture and society. Secondly, by means of philosophizing, this research analyzes the role of the state and market mechanisms, both of which dominate the reform and transformation of teacher education systems.
The following are the main findings of this research:
1.The influences of state centralization on the reform of teacher education system include the re-definition of the purposes of ITT and the control of ITT through specific agencies such as CATE , TTA and TDA.
2.The influences of market forces on teacher education reform are well exampled from the marketization of ITT programs, and of the market need of school teachers, and the inclination to school-based ITT.
3.The relationship between state centralization, market mechanisms and teacher education programs led to the enactment of ITT national curriculum and diverse ways to training the NQTs.
4.The relationship between state steering, market force and the award of Qualified Teacher Status resulted in flexible methods for getting QTS, who must pass the national skills test as a precondition.
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