社會脈絡分析對跨國教育借鑑之重要性:以美國師培的社會脈絡分析及其對臺灣的啟示為例
The Importance of Context Analysis in Educational Borrowing: A Study of Social Context for Teacher Education in America and its Implication for Taiwan
李懿芳;江芳盛;謝易臻
Yi-Fang Lee;Fang-Shen Chiang;I-Chen Hsieh
Yi-Fang Lee;Fang-Shen Chiang;I-Chen Hsieh
所屬期刊: |
第7卷第1期 「教師培育與專業發展」 主編:國立臺灣師範大學講座教授 楊深坑 |
---|---|
系統編號: | vol024_02 |
主題: | 師資培育 |
出版年份: | 2011 |
作者: | 李懿芳;江芳盛;謝易臻 |
作者(英文): | Yi-Fang Lee;Fang-Shen Chiang;I-Chen Hsieh |
論文名稱: | 社會脈絡分析對跨國教育借鑑之重要性:以美國師培的社會脈絡分析及其對臺灣的啟示為例 |
論文名稱(英文): | The Importance of Context Analysis in Educational Borrowing: A Study of Social Context for Teacher Education in America and its Implication for Taiwan |
共同作者: | |
最高學歷: | |
校院名稱: | |
系所名稱: | |
語文別: | |
論文頁數: | 18 |
中文關鍵字: | 社會脈絡分析;師資培育;教育改革;教育借鑑 |
英文關鍵字: | educational borrowing;educational reform;social context analysis;teacher education |
服務單位: | 國立暨南國際大學比較教育學系副教授 |
稿件字數: | 8989 |
作者專長: | 教育方案評鑑;教育需求評估研究;教育量化研究;教育評量與心理測驗;美國教育 |
投稿日期: | 2010/2/18 |
論文下載: | |
摘要(中文): | 「他山之石,可以攻錯」是教育決策者參考國外制度時常使用的理由,惟必須先深入分析外國的社會情境脈絡後,再進行借鏡,才不會落入盲目借用的陷阱。如同Michael Sadler所言,每個國家或學校的教育制度深植於該國的社會情境脈絡之中,任意移植外國教育,就如同孩童期望在公園中隨意摘折的枝葉能在自家庭園中茁壯一般。我國師資培育制度改革之初,順應國際主要潮流,採取開放多元的取向,其中又以美國最具代表;然而兩國師資培育的社會脈絡差異頗大,開放多元的取向是否適合我國的情境,值得深入分析。作者透過相關數據與實證資料,分析臺美兩國教師地位、結構及師培面臨之問題,以解釋兩國師資培育環境的差異,並對我國參考美國師培制度規劃精神所產生的問題,加以檢討和批判。本文的分析驗證了洞悉形塑外國制度之精神動力的重要性,希冀未來在參考國外的教育制度時,能針對該國環境因素進行深度剖析,以提出適合我國情境脈絡的改革規劃。 |
摘要(英文): | For many proponents of educational reform, it is spontaneous and wishful to think that another country’s educational systems are viable as they imitate or plan similar changes. However, borrowing without a thorough understanding over the societal factors forming the system is dangerous. As Michael Sadler said, “We cannot wander at pleasure among the educational systems of the world, like a child strolling through a garden, and pick off a flower from one bush and some leaves from another, and then expect that if we stick what we have gathered into the soil at home, we shall have a living plant.” This study aims at examining above statement using the case of teacher education reform in Taiwan since 1994 that mostly follows an open and multi recruitment approach, among which American system is exemplary. This paper provides evidences of the differences between the USA and Taiwan, including teachers’ social status, annual salary relative to per capita income, supply and demand, and social mobility. To conclude, for any reforms in the future, in-depth and systematical explorations of the factors forming educational systems of foreign countries should be encouraged to avoid unexpected problems and irreversible consequences in educational transplantation. |
參考文獻: | 王家通(2003)。比較教育研究。高雄市:麗文。 交大資工(2009)。歷年大學聯招查榜服務。2009年7月1日,取自http://www. csie.nctu.edu.tw/service/jcee/Data1994/571tat1 行政院主計處(2009)。臺灣國民生產毛額。2009年6月30日,取自http://www. dgbas.gov.tw/public/Attachment/952117142371.xls 吳武典、楊思偉、周愚文、吳清山、高熏芳、符碧真、陳木金、方永泉、陳盛賢 (2005)。師資培育政策建議書。臺北市:教育部。 林清江(1979)。臺北市教師職業聲望與專業形象之調查研究。師大教育研究所 集刊,23,99-177。 洛杉磯文化組(2007)。美國公校教師荒。美國教育快遞。2009年6月30日,取自 http://www.tw.org/blog/2007/09/blog-post_05.html 教育部(2007)。教育統計指標之國際比較:2007年。2009年6月28日,取自 http://140.111.34.54/statistics/publication.aspx?publication_sn=637&pages=1 教育部(2008)。中華民國師資培育統計年報:2008年。2009年6月24日,取自 http://inservice.edu.tw/Download/97YEARBOOK.pdf 教育部(2009)。教育統計指標之國際比較:2009年。2009年7月1日,取自http:// www.edu.tw/statistics/content.aspx?site_content_sn=20241 黃毅志(2003)。「臺灣地區新職業聲望與社經地位量表」之建構與評估:社會 科會與教育社會學研究本土化。師大教育研究集刊,49(4),1-31。 蔡清華(1997)。美國師資培育改革研究。高雄市:復文。 鍾宜興(2004)。比較教育的發展與認同。高雄市:復文。 Chao, E. L. & Utgoff, K. P. (2005). Chicago–Gary–Kenosha, IL–IN–WI National Compensation Survey. Washington, DC: Department of Labor. Cohen-Vogel, L. & Smith, T. M. (2007). Qualifications and assignments of alternatively certified teachers: Testing core assumptions. American Educational Research Journal, 44(3), 732-753. Goldhaber, D., & Brewer, D. J. (1997).Why don’t school and teachers seem to matter? Assessing the impact of unobservables on education. Journal of Human Research, 32, 505-523. Goldhaber, D., & Brewer, D. J. (2000). Does teacher certification matter? High school certification status and student achievement. Educational Evaluation and Policy Analysis, 22(2), 129-145. Heck, R. H. (2007). Examining the relationship between teacher quality as an organizational property of schools and students achievement and growth rates. Educational Administration Quarterly, 43(4), 399-432. Henke, R., Chen, X., & Geis, S. (2000). Progress through the pineline: 1992-93 college graduates and elementary/secondary school teaching as of 1997. Washington, DC: National Center for Education Statistics. Hodson, R. & Sullivan, T. (1995). Professions and professionals. In The social organization of work (pp.287-314). Belmont, CA: Wadsworth Press. Ingersoll, R. M. (1999). The problem of underqualified teachers in American secondary schools. Educational Researcher, 28(2), 26-37. Ingersoll, R. M. (2001a). The status of teaching as a profession. In J. Ballantine & J. Spade (Eds.), Schools and society: A sociological approach to education (pp. 115- 129). Belmont, CA: Wadsworth Press. Ingersoll, R. M. (2001b). Teacher turnover and teacher shortages: An organizational analysis. American Educational Research Journal, 38(3), 499-534. Ingersoll, R. M. (2005). The problem of unqualified teachers: A sociological perspective. Sociology of Education, 78(2), 175-178. Ingersoll, R. M. (2007). A comparative study of teacher preparation and qualifications in six nations. CPRE Policy Briefs, 1-15. Murnane, R. J., Singer, J. D., Willet, J. B., Kemple, J. J., & Olsen, R. J. (1991). Who will teach? Policies that matter. MA: Harvard University Press. OECD (1996). Education at a Glance 1996. Paris: OECD. OECD (1997). Education at a Glance 1997. Paris: OECD. OECD (2000). Education at a Glance 2000. Paris: OECD. OECD (2001). Education at a Glance 2001. Paris: OECD. OECD (2002). Education at a Glance 2002. Paris: OECD. OECD (2007). Education at a Glance 2007. Paris: OECD. OECD (2008). Education at a glance 2008. Retrieved June 25, 2009, from http://www. oecd.org/document/9/0,3343,en_2649_39263238_41266761_1_1_1_1,00.html Rowan, B. P., Chiang, F., & Miller, R. J. (1997). Using research on employees’ performance to study the effects of teachers on students achievement. Sociology of Education, 70(4), 256-84. Shanker, A. (1985, Oct. 27). Educations dirty little secret. New York Times, p. E9. Snyder, T. D., Tan, A. G., & Hoffman, C. M. (2004). Digest of education statistics 2003, (NCES 2005–025). U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics. Washington, DC: Government Printing Office. Snyder, T. D., Dillow, S. A., & Hoffman, C. M. (2008). Digest of education statistics 2007, (NCES 2007–017). U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics. Washington, DC: Government Printing Office. U.S. Department of Education. (2005a). The condition of education 2005, NCES 2005-094. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office. U.S. Department of Education. (2005b). The secretarys fifth annual report on teacher quality: A highly qualified teacher in every classroom. Washington, D.C.: Office of Postsecondary Education. Wirt, J., Choy, S., Rooney, P., Provasnik, S., Sen, A., & Tobin, R. (2004). The condition of education 2004 (NCES No. 2004-077). Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Education. |
熱門期刊下載排行