過量教育、學用不一對於工作滿意度的影響

The Effects of Over-education and Mismatch on Job Satisfaction

趙子揚; 陸偉明
Tzu-Yang Chao; Wei-Ming Luh

Doi：10.3966/181665042019091503004


所屬期刊： 第15卷第3期 「教育政策與制度」
主編：國立政治大學教育行政與政策研究所教授
秦夢群
系統編號： vol058_04
主題： 教育政策與制度
出版年份： 2019
作者： 趙子揚; 陸偉明
作者(英文)： Tzu-Yang Chao; Wei-Ming Luh
論文名稱： 過量教育、學用不一對於工作滿意度的影響
論文名稱(英文)： The Effects of Over-education and Mismatch on Job Satisfaction
共同作者：
最高學歷：
校院名稱：
系所名稱：
語文別： 中文
論文頁數： 36
中文關鍵字： 工作滿意度; 生涯與就業協助系統; 教育－職業不相稱; 過量教育; 學用不一
英文關鍵字： career & vocational helping system; job-education mismatch; job satisfaction; over-education
服務單位： 國立成功大學教育研究所
稿件字數： 18473
作者專長： 隨著高等教育的擴張，過量教育或學用不一的問題漸漸浮現。本研究旨在建 構教育與職業不相稱之客觀及主觀評量方法與比較，進而探討過量教育、學用不 一對於工作滿意度之負面影響，以及學用不一在不足教育、適量教育與過量教育 組透過薪資中介影響工作滿意度之情形。本研究母群為臺灣20-65 歲全職工作人 口，並以自編網路問卷「臺灣工作型態與滿意調查」共計1,522 筆資料進行分析。 結果顯示，在教育部的18 個學門中，法政與生命科學學群反應出主觀知覺的過量 教育；生命科學、生物資源與藝術學群有較高的學用不一；教育、資訊工程學門 則有較高的工作滿意度。另外，本研究所建構的客觀與主觀評量之間雖有關聯， 但與過往實證結果比較後僅選擇主觀評量進行後續分析。在考量了工作相關變項 與薪資後，階層迴歸分析顯示過量教育及學用不一對於工作滿意度仍有顯著的解 釋力，其中以過量教育組與不足教育組的工作滿意度顯著低於適量教育組。進一 步路徑分析結果顯示，在不足教育組，學用不一會透過薪資中介進而影響工作滿 意度，但在適量教育組及過量教育組則無此問題，顯示學用不一且薪資不佳時問 題最大，建議未來教育必須更強化與勞動市場的連結。
投稿日期： 2019/2/26
論文下載： pdf檔案icon
摘要(中文)： 隨著高等教育的擴張，過量教育或學用不一的問題漸漸浮現。本研究旨在建
構教育與職業不相稱之客觀及主觀評量方法與比較，進而探討過量教育、學用不
一對於工作滿意度之負面影響，以及學用不一在不足教育、適量教育與過量教育
組透過薪資中介影響工作滿意度之情形。本研究母群為臺灣20-65 歲全職工作人
口，並以自編網路問卷「臺灣工作型態與滿意調查」共計1,522 筆資料進行分析。
結果顯示，在教育部的18 個學門中，法政與生命科學學群反應出主觀知覺的過量
教育；生命科學、生物資源與藝術學群有較高的學用不一；教育、資訊工程學門
則有較高的工作滿意度。另外，本研究所建構的客觀與主觀評量之間雖有關聯，
但與過往實證結果比較後僅選擇主觀評量進行後續分析。在考量了工作相關變項
與薪資後，階層迴歸分析顯示過量教育及學用不一對於工作滿意度仍有顯著的解
釋力，其中以過量教育組與不足教育組的工作滿意度顯著低於適量教育組。進一
步路徑分析結果顯示，在不足教育組，學用不一會透過薪資中介進而影響工作滿
意度，但在適量教育組及過量教育組則無此問題，顯示學用不一且薪資不佳時問
題最大，建議未來教育必須更強化與勞動市場的連結。
摘要(英文)： As the population of students in higher education increases, the issues of over
education and mismatch of study field emerge. The purpose of present study is threefold.
First was to construct subjective and objective assessments to measure over-education
and job-education mismatch. Second was to investigate the incremental variation of job
satisfaction that over-education and job-education mismatch could account for. Third
was to explore the path of mismatch to job satisfaction mediated by salary for groups of
adequate, over-, and under-education. A self-reported on-line survey was administered,
and 1522 subjects were recruited. After comparing the results of contingent tables and
Gamma coefficients, the subjective approach was selected to use for subsequent analysis.
The hierarchical regression analyses showed that over-education and job-education
mismatch negatively affected job satisfaction after controlling for job-related variables
and salary. Finally, the mediating effects between salary and job satisfaction were not
significant for adequate and over-educated groups but significant for under-educated
group. Based on the findings, further direction for research and suggestion for policy
were provided.
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